Tomcat 部署步骤

下载 Apache Tomcat

检查JDK是否已配置java -version（先决条件）

TEXT

```bash
cd /home/ctm/software
wget https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.90/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.90.tar.gz
```

2. 解压并安装 Apache Tomcat

TEXT

```bash
mkdir -p /home/ctm/evn
tar xvf apache-tomcat-8*tar.gz -C /home/ctm/evn/tomcat --strip-components=1
```

设置环境变量

在 ~/.bash_profile 文件中添加以下内容：
BASH
```
export CATALINA_HOME=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat
```
并执行以下命令来立即生效：
BASH
```
source ~/.bash_profile
```

创建一个新用户和组

BASH

sudo groupadd tomcat
sudo useradd -s /bin/false -g tomcat -d /home/ctm/evn/tomcat tomcat

更改新创建的 Tomcat 目录的所有权
BASH
```
sudo chown -R tomcat:tomcat /home/ctm/evn/tomcat
```

创建一个新的 systemd 服务单元文件

BASH

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service

填充以下内容:(路径按需调整)

INI

[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

User=tomcat
Group=tomcat

ExecStart=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

UMask=0007
RestartSec=10
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动并检查服务的状态
BASH
```
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start tomcat
sudo systemctl status tomcat
```
也可以通过访问8080端口检查:http://IP:8080，出现tomacat介绍页面则表示服务启动成功

如果查看状态报错，启动失败，可以查看详细信息：sudo journalctl -xe

比如我这个报错就是指启动系统服务被SELinux拦截的问题：

BASH

[root@bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 bin]# sudo systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (auto-restart) (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2023-06-13 02:12:16 UTC; 15ms ago
  Process: 30656 ExecStart=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

6月 13 02:12:16 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 systemd[1]: Failed to start Apache Tomcat Web Application Container.
[root@bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 bin]# sudo chown -R tomcat:tomcat /home/ctm/evn/tomcat
[root@bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 bin]# sudo systemctl start tomcat
Job for tomcat.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status tomcat.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 bin]# sudo systemctl status tomcat
● tomcat.service - Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (auto-restart) (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2023-06-13 02:12:47 UTC; 5s ago
  Process: 30750 ExecStart=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/startup.sh (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
[root@bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 bin]# sudo journalctl -xe
-- Subject: 进程 /home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 无法执行
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
-- 
-- 进程 /home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 无法被执行并已失败。
-- 
-- 该进程返回的错误代码为 13。
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 systemd[1]: tomcat.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=203
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 systemd[1]: tomcat.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
-- Subject: Unit failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
-- 
-- The unit tomcat.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'.
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 systemd[1]: Failed to start Apache Tomcat Web Application Container.
-- Subject: tomcat.service 单元已失败
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
-- 
-- tomcat.service 单元已失败。
-- 
-- 结果为“failed”。
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 setroubleshoot[26304]: AnalyzeThread.run(): Cancel pending alarm
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 setroubleshoot[26304]: SELinux is preventing /usr/lib/systemd/systemd from execute access on the file startup.>
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 setroubleshoot[26304]: SELinux is preventing /usr/lib/systemd/systemd from execute access on the file startup.>
                                                                          
                                                                          *****  Plugin catchall (100. confidence) suggests   **************************
                                                                          
                                                                          If you believe that systemd should be allowed execute access on the startup.sh file by>
                                                                          Then you should report this as a bug.
                                                                          You can generate a local policy module to allow this access.
                                                                          Do
                                                                          allow this access for now by executing:
                                                                          # ausearch -c '(artup.sh)' --raw | audit2allow -M my-artupsh
                                                                          # semodule -X 300 -i my-artupsh.pp
                                                                          
6月 13 02:12:57 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 setroubleshoot[26304]: AnalyzeThread.run(): Set alarm timeout to 10
6月 13 02:12:58 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 sudo[30824]:     root : TTY=pts/1 ; PWD=/home/ctm/evn/tomcat/bin ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/journalctl -xe
6月 13 02:12:58 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 sudo[30824]: pam_systemd(sudo:session): Cannot create session: Already running in a session or user slice
6月 13 02:12:58 bytter-centos-s-4vcpu-8gb-sgp1-01 sudo[30824]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
lines 2686-2725/2725 (END)

如果遇到 SELinux 问题

您可以暂时禁用 SELinux，但这应该被视为临时解决方案：
BASH
```
sudo setenforce 0
```
然后尝试再次启动您的服务：
BASH
```
sudo systemctl start tomcat
sudo systemctl status tomcat
```
如果服务启动正常，记得重新开启 SELinux
BASH
```
sudo setenforce 1
```
关闭系统自启动

如果不想自启动，改为手动启动模式，则只需要关闭系统注册的tomcat服务

BASH

  # 禁用
  sudo systemctl disable tomcat
  # 启用
  sudo systemctl enable tomcat

手动启动命令如下：

BASH

  sudo systemctl start tomcat

Linux部署Tomcat（开机自启）

Tomcat 部署步骤

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